Button Mushroom Cultivation Technology（4）

Soil covering is a key step in Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom) cultivation, influencing mycelium growth and overall yield. This article outlines the essentials of soil covering, including material preparation, application, and post-covering management.

1. Preparation of Soil Covering Material

The covering material should be loose, well-draining, and moisture-retentive. A common mix includes high-quality peat moss or local clay loam. For every 100 square meters, add:
– 2% compound fertilizer
– 0.2% monopotassium phosphate
– 2-3% lime

These help improve soil fertility and adjust pH to around 8. After mixing, treat the soil with a fungicide and formalin solution for sterilization. The moisture content should be 20-30%. Once prepared, pile the soil into a 1.2-meter-wide, 1-1.5-meter-high strip and cover with plastic for 24 hours.

2. Soil Covering Method

Covering should occur when the mycelium has colonized about two-thirds of the substrate, typically 15-20 days after sowing. Before covering, ensure the substrate is not too wet; if needed, ventilate. If pests or diseases are present, address them first. Mix coarse and fine soil evenly to form a uniform 3-5 cm layer, smoothing the surface.

3. Post-Covering Management

After covering, maintain a temperature of 15-20°C and 85-90% humidity in the growing room. For the first 2-3 days, mist lightly and frequently to maintain soil moisture. After misting, ventilate briefly to allow excess water to evaporate. Ensure the soil surface is not sticky to the touch. Diffuse light can also stimulate mycelium growth.

Proper soil covering is essential for healthy mushroom growth. By preparing the right materials, applying them correctly, and managing conditions post-covering, growers can enhance mycelial colonization and boost yields. Effective soil covering practices lead to healthier mushrooms and improved profitability.