Cultivation Technology of Stropharia Rugosa（1）

The Stropharia Rugosa mushroom is an edible and medicinal mushroom with certain health-care functions. It can use a variety of agricultural and animal husbandry wastes as base materials for cultivation. The sources of raw materials are abundant, and raw materials or fermented materials are used for cultivation. There is no need to prepare bags or high-temperature sterilization. After fruiting, the fungus chaff is directly returned to the field to fertilize the soil and improve the soil. Growth environment requirements:

1. Nutrition
The nutritional requirements of Stropharia are mainly carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing substances. The actual cultivation results show that rice straw, wheat straw, sawdust, etc. can be used as culture materials to meet the carbon source required for the growth of Stropharia. Bran and rice bran can be used as nitrogen nutrition sources for Stropharia, which not only supplements ammonia nutrition and vitamins, but also serves as an early auxiliary carbon nutrition source.

2. Water Content
The water content in the substrate has a direct relationship with the growth of mycelium and the amount of mushrooms grown. Mycelium can grow normally when the substrate water content is 65%~80%, and the optimum water content is 70%~75%. If the water content in the culture medium is too high, the mycelium will grow poorly, appear sparse and thin, and even shrink the original mycelium. The relative humidity of the environment is generally required to be above 85% during the fruiting stage, preferably around 95%. When the mycelium changes from the vegetative growth stage to the reproductive growth stage, the relative humidity of the space must be increased to stimulate mushroom production.

3. Temperature
Temperature is an important factor controlling the growth of mycelium and fruiting body formation of Stropharia.
Mycelium growth stage: The temperature range for mycelium growth of Stropharia is 5~36℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 24~28℃. The growth rate drops rapidly below 10℃ and above 32℃. When the temperature exceeds 36℃, mycelium stops growing. If the temperature continues for a long time, mycelium will die.
Fruiting body growth stage: The temperature range required for the formation of Stropharia fruiting body is 4~30℃, and the optimum temperature for the formation of primordium is 12~25℃.

4. Light
In actual cultivation, the cultivation field chooses a semi-shaded environment for better cultivation effect. It is mainly manifested in two aspects: one is high yield; the other is that the mushrooms are bright in color and strong in body.

5. Air
Stropharia is an aerobic fungus. Fresh and sufficient air is one of the important environmental conditions to ensure normal growth and development. During the mycelium growth stage, the carbon dioxide concentration in the air can reach 0.5%~1%. During the fruiting body growth and development stage, the carbon dioxide concentration in the space is required to be lower than 0.15%. When the air is not circulated and oxygen is insufficient, the growth of mycelium and the development of fruiting bodies will be inhibited.

6. PH Value
Stropharia can grow at pH values ​​of 4.5 to 9, but a slightly acidic environment of pH 5 to 7 is more suitable. Mycelium can grow normally under the natural pH conditions of straw culture medium.

7. Soil
During the vegetative growth stage of Stropharia mycelium, it can grow normally in an environment without soil, but covering with soil can promote the formation of fruiting bodies. The covering soil is required to contain humus, have a soft texture, and have a high water holding rate. The pH value of the soil is preferably 5.7~6.0.