Reishi Cultivation Technology(1)

Release Time: 2024-07-18
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Reishi is a precious medicinal fungus that has the functions of inhibiting tumors, regulating immunity, anti-aging, lowering blood sugar, protecting the liver and detoxifying. Ganoderma lucidum cultivation was mainly based on segmented wood cultivation in the early days, and then sawdust was used for bottle cultivation. Currently, substitute cultivation and short-segmented wood clinker cultivation are commonly used, and its yield and quality are constantly improving.

Ganoderma lucidum is a high-temperature fungus. During artificial cultivation, the nutritional and environmental conditions required for the growth of Ganoderma lucidum must be provided in order to obtain high quality and high yield.

1.Nutrition
In segment wood cultivation, the required nutrients can be obtained from the phloem and xylem of the wood; in substitute cultivation, the required carbon nutrients mainly come from broadleaf tree chips, cottonseed hulls, corn cobs, bean straw, etc., and nitrogen nutrients Mainly from wheat bran and rice bran. The proportion of main ingredients and auxiliary ingredients in the culture material should be reasonable, which is an important material basis for high yield and high quality of Ganoderma lucidum.

2. Environmental Conditions
(1)Temperature
Ganoderma lucidum is a high-temperature and thermostatic fungus. Variable temperature conditions are unfavorable to the differentiation and development of fruiting bodies. The suitable temperature for basidiospore germination is 24~26℃. Mycelium can grow in the temperature range of 4~38℃, and the optimal growth temperature is 25~30℃. Fruiting bodies can differentiate in the range of 18~30℃, and the optimal temperature is 24~28℃. The fruiting body development temperature is 25~30℃. If it is lower than 25℃, the fruiting body will grow slowly, the cap will be small and the texture will be solid. At 30°C, the fruiting body grows faster, but the cap is thin and has poor texture. Therefore, variable temperature conditions can easily deform the caps.

(2)Moisture and air humidity
Ganoderma lucidum is a moisture-loving fungus. In substitute cultivation, the appropriate moisture content of the culture material is 60% to 65%. In the cultivation of segment trees, the suitable moisture content of the middle segment trees is about 40%. During the mycelium cultivation stage, the relative humidity of the indoor air is 60% to 70%. Too high a humidity can easily cause infection by miscellaneous bacteria; too low a humidity can easily cause the culture material to lose water and the mycelium to shrink. During the fruiting body differentiation and growth stages, the relative humidity of the air should be maintained at 85%~90%.

(3)Air
Ganoderma lucidum is an aerobic fungus and requires fresh air throughout its growth process. During the mycelial growth stage, if there is insufficient oxygen, mycelial growth will be inhibited or even suffocated. During the fruiting body growth period, under normal circumstances, the carbon dioxide concentration in the air is 0.03% and cannot exceed 0.1%, otherwise it will easily lead to deformity.

(4)Lighting
The mycelium growth stage does not require light, and strong light has an inhibitory effect on the growth of mycelium. Under dark conditions, mycelium grows rapidly, white and strong. During the growth and development stage of the fruiting body, more scattered light (300~1000lx) is needed. If the light is below 100lx, most fruiting bodies cannot develop and form caps. When the illumination is greater than 5000lx, the fruiting bodies often appear short-stalked or stalkless. Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies have obvious phototaxis, and the fruiting bodies always grow in the direction of the light source. Therefore, when cultivating Ganoderma lucidum, do not frequently change the direction of the light source to avoid causing cap deformity.

(5) pH
Ganoderma lucidum likes to grow in a weakly acidic environment. Mycelium can grow at pH 3.0~7.5, and the optimal pH is 4.5~5.2.

Common Cultivation Models
Common cultivation methods of Ganoderma lucidum include short-section wood clinker cultivation and substitute cultivation. The production cycle of Ganoderma lucidum cultivated in segment trees takes 1 to 2 years. The yield is low, but the texture is excellent and the commercial value is high. The growth cycle of substitute cultivation takes about 3 months from inoculation to harvest. Ganoderma lucidum has high yield, but the texture of the fruit body is loose.

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